Cf-252 Watt neutron source and NE-213 scintillator inside a concrete room

In this MCNP simulation, a user defined Cf-252 neutron source, characterized by a Watt spectrum, and a NE-213 liquid scintillator are inside a concrete room. The Cf-252 source is finite in size; a small cylinder, 10 mm in diameter and 5 mm deep. The NE-213 liquid scintillator is also contained in a cylinder (5 cm diameter, 5 cm deep), whose axis coincides with the Cf-252 source's axis. The center of the sources is exactly 25 cm from the front face of the scintillator. The axes of both the source and the scintillator are at a height of 1 m above the concrete floor. The problem is 10 x 10 x 10 m³ in size and the concrete room consists of a 10 x 10 m² floor and 5 m tall walls. All concrete structures are 30 cm in thickness. The geometry of the problem is identical to Co-60 source and Ge crystal inside a concrete room.

The user-defined source subroutine (source-watt.F90), whose neutron spectrum is sampled with a Watt distribution, needs to be recompiled into MCNP. The subroutine samples x, y, z positions inside the source container and returns the position, direction (isotropic by default), the energy, time and the particle type (neutron). The Watt spectrum parameters can be modified within the MCNP input file to select different fissionable isotopes.

This simulation does not have tallies. Instead, events entering the front-face of the NE-213 liquid scintillator are saved to file (PTRAC). The optional software ptrac2root can be used to convert PTRAC events to a ROOT TTree data structure.

The input file (cf252w) of this MCNP simulation is well documented with comments, and is meant to be modified or augmented with other structures if desired.

Demo

The following picture shows the simulation geometry (from the MCNP plotting utility),

The cyan color represents air, and the yellow the concrete floor and walls. Barely visible, above the floor, is the source and scintillator. The following fade-in picture shows the geometry of the Cf-252 source (green) and Ne-213 liquid scintillator (blue), viewed from the side,

Not clearly seen, the structures are two cylinders facing each other.

Running MCNP with 100 million events yields the following spectrum of neutrons entering the face of the scintillator container,

The data has been fitted with a Watt spectrum function,

W(a,b,E) = C exp(-E/a) sinh(sqrt(bE))

where C is a normalization constant.

For Cf-252 (spontaneous fission), a = 1.025 and b = 2.926, respectively. For neutron induced reactions, a and b varies weakly with incident neutron energy. The red line is a fit with a Watt spectrum function, yielding values for a and b very similar to those assumed in the MCNP simulation. This spectrum has been generated with the optional software ptrac2root, and the fit is done in the spectrum.C ROOT script included.

Compilation and Execution

This MCNP input has been developed and tested using MCNP version 5. MCNP needs to be recompiled with the new user-defined source, by replacing the dummy source subroutine (source.F90) with the user-defined source subroutine (source-watt.F90),

Recompilation of MCNP depends on many factors; operating system, compiler and MCNP version, to name a few. In general, the complilation is done in the Source/ directory,

and compilation with a command like this,

(sequential execution case). Please consult your MCNP manual.

The geometry of the problem can be viewed with the command,

whereas the simulation itself is executed with the command,

Output

The output of the simulation is a PTRAC file in ASCII format. This file can be converted to a ROOT TTree data structure with ptrac2root. Included is the ROOT file (cf252w.root) containing the neutron energy spectrum histogram from the simulation shown above. The histogram is made by ptrac2root. The neutron energy spectrum histogram can be retrieved and displayed by executing the spectrum.C script included,

The script spectrum.C performs a fit with a Watt spectrum function and outputs the parameters and the reduced Chi-squared of the fit.

Dependencies

The MCNP code is export controlled and distributed worldwide through RSICC. Users must register to obtain a copy of MCNP.

Current version of ROOT can be downloaded and installed in most Linux distributions. In Debian-based systems, the tutorial "Installing CERN ROOT on Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)" may be of use.

Terms of Use and License

Before buying, please read our Terms of Use and License.

List of Files

Included in this software package are the following files:

• cf252w (MCNP input file)
• source-watt.F90 (MCNP user-defined source subroutine)
• cf252w.root (ROOT file with spectrum histogram)
• spectrum.C (ROOT script to display the neutron spectrum histogram)
• README (documentation)
• terms.md (terms of use)
• license.md (license)